SENSITIVITY (resumen del tema)

Stimulus is any information generated either outside or inside our bodies.

Stimuli are detected by organs called receptors. These are the sense organs: eyes, ears, olfactory epithelium in the nose, taste buds in the tongue and skin.

How does sensitivity works?

1^st: Sense organs capture information from the environment.

2^nd: The nervous system carries information from the sense organs to the brain. The brain interprets the information and decides the response, and the nervous system carries the response from the brain to the muscles.

3^rd: Muscles receive orders and work with the bones (locomotor system) to make the body move.

The sense organs capture information from the environment and send it to the brain through the nerves.

The eyes are the sense organs of sight. They detect light so we can see shapes and colours.

The ears are the sense organs of hearing. They detect sounds and their properties, and where the sounds come from.

The skin is the sense organ of touch. It detects pain, temperature,…

The tongue is the sense organ of taste. It detects different flavours.

The nose is the sense organ of smell. It detects different smell in the air we breathe.

The nervous system carries out the function of sensitivity. It receives and interprets information from external and internal environment, it gives the order to the body to respond to stimuli, and controls and coordinate all organs and systems.

The nervous system is made up of two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. It is formed by only one type of tissue, nervous tissue.

Nervous system is made of neurons. Neurons have three parts: body (the widest part), dendrites (receive messages from the sense organs or other neurons) and axon (transmits messages to other neurons).

The central nervous system has two parts: the brain and the spinal cord.

The brain, protected by the cranium, has three parts: the cerebrum (controls voluntary actions, like studying or talking; store data and controls emotions) the cerebellum (controls voluntary movement and balance) and brainstem (controls internal organs activities, like breathing or digesting food).